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Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, by Martha Rial

For her life-affirming portraits of survivors of the conflicts in Rwanda and Burundi.
Martha Rial and George Rupp

Martha Rial accepts the Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography from Columbia University President George Rupp.

Winning Work

Bitama, age 7, cries frequently. She was only four when her parents were murdered in Rwanda during the 1994 genocide. Relief workers believe she witnessed their slaying. (Martha Rial/Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)
Rwandan Hutu refugees with as many possesions as they can carry trudge along a highway near Benaco Junction in Tanzania. They had tried to flee further away from Rwanda, into Tanzania, but had been turned back by Tanzanian soldiers. Several of the refugees said they would walk all the way through Kenya or Malawi just so they could return to Rwanda.

A severely malnourished four-month-old baby boy rides on the back of his mother, who has just arrived in Tanzania. They were awaiting medical attention at a border station near Kibondo, Tanzania, after fleeing Burundi.

A Hutu man rests at the Mugunzu border station in Northern Tanzania after escaping Burundi on his bicycle. The mountains on the horizon are in Burundi.

Brothers wait for a meal of roasted corn at the Mugunzu border station in Northern Tanzania. This will be the first meal for the Hutu family after leaving Burundi.

A Burundian Hutu woman, age 40, pulls aside her clothing to reveal the scars left after she was raped and stabbed by Tutsi soldiers almost three years ago. Her husband was abducted and killed and their home set on fire with their six children inside. Five died. She was pregnant and lost the baby. Unable to walk for some time, she finally fled to freedom in Tanzania. She has been living in the Kenebwa refugee camp since July 1996 and has received counseling.

Gender Violence Program Coordinator Sydia Nduna from Zambia begins a women's block meeting with a dance to relax participants. Nduna offers confidential counseling to sexually abused refugee women from Burundi living in camps in the Kibindo District in northern Tanzania.
A Rwandan Hutu refugee woman listens as other refugees demand they receive food at the Keza refugee camp near Ngara, Tanzania. Most of the other residents of Keza had fled the previous night to avoid returning home to Rwanda.
 
A Sister of Mother Teresa comforts an exhausted child at St. Joseph's Center in Kibungo, Rwanda. The child became separated from his parents during their recent journey home from Tanzania.

Refugees prepare a grave in the children's burial area of the Mtendeli refugee camp for a young refugee girl who died from anemia brought on by malaria.

A Rwandan boy lies dying of anemia in a nearly empty ward at the Kibondo District Hospital in Tanzania.

A mother and father share the daily chore of bathing their adopted son in the therapeutic feeding tent at the Mtendeli Refugee Camp near Kibondo, Tanzania. The couple assumed responsibility for the malnourished child when his mother died recently.
A young Hutu girl is among the small number of Rwandan refugees who stayed behind at the Keza refugee camp near Ngara, Tanzania. About 25,000 refugees lived in the camp before repatriation began. Neighbors often fled Rwanda together and would remain living together as a communal group in the camps.
A refugee girl's feet are wrapped in socks to protect them during her journey home to Rwanda from Tanzania. The young girl and her family had been walking for four days.

Teenage Hutu girls at the Rwamagana orphanage. The older girls help care for the younger orphans.

Marthe Nyirabahinzi, a Tutsi, comforts her frightened adopted daughter Bitama. Although Nyirabahinzi's children are already grown and she has several grandchildren older than Bitama, she said she could find room in her heart for Bitama. It did not matter to her that Bitama's origins are unknown, and probably Hutu.

Bitama sits in silence while her classmates practice writing the Kinyarwanda alphabet in their elementary school classroom at the Mkugwa refugee camp. Bitama was so young at the time of her parent's death that there is little information about her origins. Having experienced so much loss at such a young age, she is often silent and expressionless.

This young boy became separated from his family during the long journey home to Rwanda from Tanzania.
A young Hutu boy has a meal of porridge in a supplemental feeding program. Because of his poor nutritional health, he receives a supplemental meal four times a day.

Biography

Martha Rial, age 36, has been a staff photographer at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette since 1994. Before joining the Post-Gazette, Rial was a staff photographer at the Ft. Pierce Tribune in Ft. Pierce, FL and the Journal Newspapers in Alexandria, VA.

Rial is a graduate of the Art Institute of Pittsburgh and later attended Ohio University's School of Visual Communication. Her work has been recognized by the Pittsburgh Chapter of Women in Communication, the Press club of Western Pennsylvania and Pittsburgh's Slack Media Federation.

 

 

Finalists

Nominated as finalists in Spot News Photography in 1998:

Jean-Marc Bouju

For his chilling sequence of seven photographs in Zaire depicting rebel soldiers beating and then executing a man believed to be a member of Mobuto Sese Sekos' presidential guard.

Photo Staff

For its committed coverage of the severe flooding that devastated their community.

The Jury

Hal Buell(chair )

executive photo editor (retired)

Toren Beasley

photo director

George Benge

executive editor

Andrew F. Costello Jr.

editor

Kim Komenich*

staff photographer

Winners in Spot News Photography

Annie Wells

For her dramatic photograph of a local firefighter rescuing a teenager from raging floodwaters.

Charles Porter IV

For his haunting photographs, taken after the Oklahoma City bombing and distributed by the Associated Press, showing a one-year-old victim handed to and then cradled by a local fireman.

Carol Guzy

For her series of photographs illustrating the crisis in Haiti and its aftermath.

Paul Watson

For his photograph, published in many American newspapers, of a U.S. soldier's body being dragged through the streets of Mogadishu by a mob of jeering Somalis.

1998 Prize Winners